Importing Seeds for Sowing Pinus spp. from All Countries
12 July 2002
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Pursuant to Section 22 of the Biosecurity Act 1993
Date Issued: 10 July 2002
Table of Content
- New Zealand National Plant Protection Organisation
- General Conditions for All Plant Products
- Explanation of Pest Categories
- Application of Phytosanitary Measures
- General Conditions for Seeds for Sowing
- Specific Conditions for Pinus spp. from Country
- Contingencies Following Biosecurity Clearance
1 New Zealand National Plant Protection Organisation
The New Zealand national plant protection organisation is the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry and as such, all communication in regard to this standard should be addressed to: Director, Forest Biosecurity
Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry
PO Box 2526
Wellington
New Zealand
Fax: 64-4-470 2741 E-mail: plantimports@maf.govt.nz
http://www.maf.govt.nz 
2 General Conditions for All Plant Products
All plants and plant products are prohibited entry into New Zealand, unless an import health standard has been issued in accordance with Section 22 of the Biosecurity Act 1993. Should prohibited plants or plant products be intercepted by the New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, the importer will be offered the option of reshipment or destruction of the consignment. The national plant protection organisation of the exporting country is requested to inform the New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry of any change in its address. Under Article VIII of the International Plant Protection Convention (1997), the national plant protection organisation of the exporting country is required to inform the New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry of any newly recorded organisms that may infest/infect any commodity approved for export to New Zealand. Pursuant to the Hazardous Substances and New Organisms Act 1996, proposals for the deliberate introduction of new organisms (including genetically modified organisms) as defined by the Act should be referred to: Manager, Operations
Environmental Risk Management Authority
PO Box 131
Wellington
New Zealand In order to meet the Environmental Risk Management Authority's requirements the scientific name (i.e. genus and species) of the commodity must be included in the phytosanitary certificate.
3 Explanation of Pest Categories
The New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry has categorised organisms associated with plants and plant products into regulated and non-regulated organisms as described below. Organisms (including prohibited plant species) potentially associated with each commodity will appear on a separate pest list which will be attached to each import health standard as an Appendix.
3.1 Regulated Organisms
Regulated organisms are those organisms for which phytosanitary actions would be undertaken if they were intercepted/detected. These will include new organisms as defined by the Hazardous Substances and New Organisms Act 1996. Regulated organisms are sub-divided into the following groups:
3.1.1 Quarantine: Risk group 1 pests
Risk group 1 pests are those regulated pests (FAO Glossary of Phytosanitary Terms, 1996) which on introduction into New Zealand could cause unacceptable economic impacts on the production of a commodity/commodities and/or the environment.
3.1.2 Quarantine: Risk group 2 pests
Risk group 2 pests are those regulated pests that on introduction into New Zealand could cause:
- a major disruption to market access and/or
- significant economic impacts on the production of a particular commodity/commodities and/or
- adverse effects to the environment.
3.1.3 Quarantine: Risk group 3 pests
Risk group 3 pests are those regulated pests that on entry into New Zealand would cause:
- a major disruption to market access and/or
- significant economic impacts on the production of a large sector of the New Zealand economy and/or
- significant adverse effects to the environment.
An official surveillance system is required for such pests in New Zealand.
3.1.4 Regulated non-quarantine pests
A regulated non-quarantine pest (denoted by "reg." on the pest list) is a pest whose presence in a consignment of plants for planting affects the intended use of those plants with an economically unacceptable impact and is therefore regulated within the territory of the importing contracting party (Revised IPPC definition, Rome 1997). These pests would be under official control by the use of a Government operated or audited certification scheme.
3.1.5 Regulated non-plant pests
Regulated non plant pests are those organisms which, although not pests of plants or plant products, may be associated with plants or plant products in international trade, and may have an effect on human or animal health (e.g. black widow spider) and thus fall under the jurisdiction of other New Zealand government departments. The categorisation of these organisms and their associated import restrictions will be applied in accordance with the requirements of the relevant departments.
3.1.6 Vectors of associated quarantine pests
In the context of this import health standard, vectors are those organisms that are able to transmit regulated pests into New Zealand. To prevent the transmission of vectored quarantine organisms to susceptible commodities in New Zealand, it is necessary to prevent the entry of their vectors. Vectors (denoted by "vect." on the pest list) will be categorised as risk group 1 even if they are present in New Zealand, unless they are risk group 2 or 3 pests in their own right. If the vectored organism is not present in the exporting country then the associated vector(s), if present in New Zealand, will be categorised as a non-regulated non-quarantine pest(s).
3.1.7 Vectored organisms
Vectored organisms (denoted by "VO" on the pest list) are those quarantine pests that are able to enter New Zealand via a vector associated with the imported commodity.
3.1.8 Strains of pests
Where there is documented evidence that a pest associated with the imported commodity has a different host range, different pesticide resistance, vectors a different range of organisms, or is more virulent than that of the same species present in New Zealand, then the different strain (denoted by "strain" on the pest list) of that pest will be categorised accordingly as a regulated pest.
3.1.9 Unidentifiable organisms
Should identification of an organism not be possible within the required time frame, the organism will be categorised as a regulated pest (either risk groups 1, 2, or 3) until such time as shown otherwise.
3.1.10 Unlisted organisms
Should an organism be intercepted that is not included on the pest list for that commodity, it will be categorised into the appropriate risk group and action taken accordingly.
3.2 Non-Regulated Organisms
Non-regulated organisms are those organisms for which phytosanitary actions would not be undertaken if they were intercepted/detected. These would include new organisms that could not establish in New Zealand. Non-regulated organisms are sub-divided into the following groups:
3.2.1 Non-regulated non-quarantine pests
Non-regulated non-quarantine pests are either already present in New Zealand and are not under official control or, could not establish in New Zealand.
3.2.2 Non-regulated non-plant pests/organisms
Non-regulated non-plant pests/organisms are not pests of plants and are not of concern to the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry or any other New Zealand government department.
3.3 Contaminants (Including Soil)
Consignments contaminated with soil, or other potential carriers of regulated pests (e.g. leaf litter) will not be permitted entry if the level of contamination is above the acceptable tolerance.
4 Application of Phytosanitary Measures
A number of different phytosanitary measures may be applied to pests in each risk group, depending on the commodity and the type of pest. These measures include:
4.1 Quarantine: Risk Group 1 Pests
Phytosanitary measures required for risk group 1 pests may include:
- inspection and phytosanitary certification of the consignment according to appropriate procedures by the national plant protection organisation of the exporting country,
- testing prior to export for regulated pests which cannot be readily detected by inspection (e.g. viruses on propagating material from accredited facilities), and verified by an additional declaration, to that given on the phytosanitary certificate,
- inspection/testing of the consignment by the New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry prior to biosecurity clearance, to ensure the specified pest tolerance has not been exceeded.
4.2 Quarantine: Risk Group 2 Pests
Phytosanitary measures required for risk group 2 pests may include all the requirements for risk group 1 pests and may also require pre-export pest control activities to be undertaken by the contracting party, and confirmed by additional declarations to the phytosanitary certificate.
4.3 Quarantine: Risk Group 3 Pests
Phytosanitary measures applied to risk group 3 pests may include all the requirements for risk group 1 pests plus:
- the application of a pre-export treatment which has been developed in accordance with an approved New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry standard,
- an official bilateral quarantine arrangement between the New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry and the exporting country's national plant protection organisation which includes descriptions of each approved treatment system(s),
- specific additional declarations on the phytosanitary certificate.
4.4 Regulated Non-Quarantine Pests
Phytosanitary measures applied to regulated non-quarantine pests will generally be the same as for risk group 1 pests, or according to the contingencies implemented for that pest if detected in New Zealand.
4.5 Non-Regulated Non-Quarantine Pests
No phytosanitary measures are applied to non-regulated non-quarantine pests.
5 General Conditions for Seeds for Sowing
Commodity Sub-class: Seeds for Sowing only includes the following plant products: uncoated seed, coated or pelleted seed, seed in hermetically sealed containers/packages, and seed mixtures. Any seed from fleshy fruit shall have all traces of flesh removed. For the importation of seed mixtures, a list of all species in the mixture shall accompany the consignment and the entry requirements for each species in the mixture must be met. Only inert/synthetic material may be used for the protection, packaging and shipping materials of the seeds for sowing. On arrival in New Zealand, the consignment may be directed to a New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry registered transitional facility for an audit inspection, testing and/or treatment.
6 Specific Conditions for Pinus spp. from Country
This import health standard covers the requirements for the entry of seeds for sowing of the following Pinus spp. only:
| Pinus albicaulis | Pinus maximinoi |
| Pinus apulcensis | Pinus michoacana (= Pinus montezumae) |
| Pinus aristata | Pinus monophylla |
| Pinus arizonica | Pinus montezumae |
| Pinus armandii | Pinus montezumae |
| Pinus attenuata | Pinus monticola |
| Pinus ayacahuite | Pinus morrisonicola |
| Pinus balfouriana | Pinus mughus (= Pinus mugo) |
| Pinus banksiana | Pinus mugo |
| Pinus bhutanica | Pinus muricata |
| Pinus brutia | Pinus nelsonii |
| Pinus bungeana | Pinus nigra |
| Pinus canariensis | Pinus nubicola |
| Pinus caribaea | Pinus oocarpa |
| Pinus cembra | Pinus palustris |
| Pinus cembroides | Pinus parviflora |
| Pinus chiapensis | Pinus patula |
| Pinus clausa | Pinus peuce |
| Pinus cooperi | Pinus pinceana |
| Pinus coulteri | Pinus pinea |
| Pinus culminicola | Pinus pityusa (= Pinus brutia) |
| Pinus densata | Pinus ponderosa |
| Pinus densiflora | Pinus pringlei |
| Pinus douglasiana (= Pinus pseudostrobus) | Pinus pseudostrobus |
| Pinus durangensis (= Pinus montezumae ) | Pinus pumila |
| Pinus echinata | Pinus pungens |
| Pinus edulis (= Pinus cembroides) | Pinus quadrifolia (= Pinus cembroides) |
| Pinus eldarica (= Pinus brutia) | Pinus radiata |
| Pinus elliottii | Pinus remorata |
| Pinus engelmannii | Pinus remota |
| Pinus excelsa (= Pinus wallichiana) | Pinus resinosa |
| Pinus flexilis | Pinus rigida |
| Pinus gerardiana | Pinus roxburghii |
| Pinus glabra | Pinus rudis |
| Pinus greggii | Pinus rzedowskii |
| Pinus griffithii (= Pinus wallichiana) | Pinus sabiniana |
| Pinus halepensis | Pinus serotina |
| Pinus hartwegii (= Pinus montezumae) | Pinus sondereggeri (= Pinus xsondereggeri) |
| Pinus heldreichii | Pinus strobiformis |
| Pinus herrerai | Pinus strobus |
| Pinus hwangshanensis | Pinus sylvestris |
| Pinus jeffreyi | Pinus tabulaeformis |
| Pinus johannis | Pinus taeda |
| Pinus kesiya (= Pinus khasya) | Pinus taiwanensis |
| Pinus khasya | Pinus tecumumanii (= Pinus patula) |
| Pinus koraiensis | Pinus tenuifolia |
| Pinus lambertiana | Pinus teocote |
| Pinus latifolia (= Pinus engelmannii) | Pinus thunbergii |
| Pinus lawsonii | Pinus torreyana |
| Pinus leiophylla | Pinus uncinata (= Pinus mugo) |
| Pinus leucodermis (= Pinus heldreichii) | Pinus virginiana |
| Pinus luchuensis | Pinus wallichiana |
| Pinus lumholtzii | Pinus washoensis |
| Pinus maritima (= Pinus pinaster) | Pinus xdensata |
| Pinus massoniana | Pinus xsondereggeri |
| Pinus maximartinezii | Pinus yunnanensis |
6.1 Pre-Export Requirements
6.1.1 Inspection of the consignment
The New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry requires that the Country national plant protection organisation sample and inspect the consignment according to official procedures for all visually detectable regulated pests specified by the New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (see Appendices 1 and 2). Should a regulated pest(s) be detected, the consignment must be either rejected for export or undergo an effective treatment (i.e. eradication) against the detected pest(s).
6.1.2 Testing of the consignment
No pre-export testing is required. Instead, for Pinus spp. Seed for Sowing imported from those countries NOT listed in Appendix 3, the testing will be undertaken on arrival in New Zealand in a Level 3 Quarantine Facility. For those pests for which testing is impractical, equivalent measures (e.g. sourced from a pest free area) will be required.
6.1.3 Documentation
Bilateral quarantine arrangement: Not required.
Phytosanitary certificate: Required.
6.1.4 Phytosanitary certification
A completed phytosanitary certificate issued by the **Country** national plant protection organisation must accompany all Pinus spp. seeds for sowing exported to New Zealand. Before an export phytosanitary certificate is to be issued, the **Country** national plant protection organisation must be satisfied that the following activities required by the New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry have been undertaken and shall confirm this by providing the following additional declarations to the phytosanitary certificate.
- "The Pinus spp. seeds for sowing in this consignment have been inspected in accordance with appropriate official procedures and found to be free of any visually detectable regulated pests specified by the New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, and to conform with the current phytosanitary requirements of the New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry." A list of New Zealand specified regulated pests has been provided in Appendix 1.
And
- "The Pinus spp. seeds for sowing in this consignment have been inspected in accordance with appropriate official procedures and found to be free of seeds from the prohibited plant species specified by the New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry." A list of New Zealand prohibited plant species has been provided in Appendix 2.
And
-
- "The seed was from trees that have been officially inspected during the growing season according to appropriate procedures and no Dioryctria abietivorella or Conophthorus coniperda was detected".
or
- "The seed in this consignment was inspected for evidence of the presence of insect pests and none was found".
And
- "The seed was from trees that have been officially inspected during the growing season according to appropriate procedures and no Dioryctria abietivorella or Conophthorus coniperda was detected".
- "The Pinus spp. seeds for sowing in this consignment have been sourced from pest free areas that are, as verified by pest surveillance methods (in accordance with the International Standards for Phytosanitary Measures; Requirements for the Establishment of Pest Free Areas, IPPC, FAO, Publication 4, 1996), free from Fusarium circinatum (syn. Fusarium subglutinans f sp. pini)."
And
- "The Pinus spp. seeds for sowing in this consignment have been treated prior to shipment with _______ (insert either Captan or Thiram) _____ at 2 g a.i. per kg seed, to eradicate any regulated pest(s) specified by the New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry."
Note: Treatment may occur on arrival in New Zealand at a registered Transitional Facility (New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry Regulatory Authority Standard 152.04.03F: Requirements for Holding and Processing Facilities for Uncleared Risk Goods). To avoid delays on arrival, treatment arrangements should be made by the importer prior to arrival.For seeds sourced from areas not listed in Appendix 3 (i.e. NOT known to be free of Fusarium circinatum (syn. Fusarium subglutinans f sp. pini) the Importer must make prior arrangements for the consignment to undergo post entry quarantine at a registered Level 3 Quarantine Facility as stated in section 6.4.
6.2 Transit Requirements
The Pinus spp. seeds for sowing must be packed and shipped in a manner to prevent contamination by regulated pests. The package should not be opened in transit. However, where a consignment is either stored, split up or has its packaging changed while in another country (or countries) en route to New Zealand, a "Re-export Certificate" is required. Where a consignment is held under bond, as a result of the need to change conveyances, and it is kept in the original shipping container, a "Re-export Certificate" is not required.
6.3 Inspection On Arrival
The New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry will check the accompanying documentation on arrival to confirm that it reconciles with the actual consignment. The entire consignment or an officially drawn 8-kg sample, whichever is the lesser, will be inspected for visually detectable regulated pests by the New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry. To achieve 95% confidence that Maximum Pest Limit of 0.9 per kg will not be exceeded, the acceptance number is 0 (zero) regulated pests (or prohibited seeds) in the 8 kg sample.
6.4 Biosecurity/Quarantine Directive
For seeds sourced from areas listed in Appendix 3 which are considered FREE of Fusarium circinatum (syn. Fusarium subglutinans f sp. pini):If regulated pests are not detected, or are successfully treated following interception/detection, biosecurity clearance will be given subject to the presentation of the correct documentation and completion of any required treatments.
For seeds sourced from areas not listed in Appendix 3 (i.e. NOT known to be free of Fusarium circinatum (syn. Fusarium subglutinans f sp. pini)):
Following inspection and document checking, and assuming no risk group 2 or 3 pests have been detected, a biosecurity/quarantine directive will be issued directing the consignment to a registered Level 3 Quarantine Facility in order to audit the pre-export testing procedures (as per the arrangement between the New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry and the exporting country's national plant protection organisation). The Level 3 Quarantine Facility shall comply with the requirements of a Level 3 Quarantine Tissue Culture Laboratory as specified in the New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry Biosecurity Authority Standard PBC-NZ-TRA-PQCON: Specification for the Registration of a Plant Quarantine or Containment Facility, and Operator. The quarantine period shall be for a minimum of 3 months of continuous culture in media free of any antibiotic additives (e.g. antifungal, antibacterial, activated charcoal). If regulated pests or signs/symptoms of regulated pest infection/infestation are found during inspection, the consignment will be directed for treatment (i.e. eradication if available, if not, the consignment will be reshipped or destroyed). Following treatment the consignment must be tested to ensure eradication was successful.
6.5 Testing for Regulated Pests
For seeds sourced from areas listed in Appendix 3 which are considered FREE of Fusarium circinatum (syn. Fusarium subglutinans f sp. pini):The New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry may, on the specific request of a Chief Technical Officer, test Pinus spp. seeds for sowing for quarantine pests.
For seeds sourced from areas not listed in Appendix 3 (i.e. NOT known to be free of Fusarium circinatum (syn. Fusarium subglutinans f sp. pini)):
The New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry shall test Pinus spp. seeds for sowing for quarantine pests. The quarantine period will vary depending on the pests that may be associated with the commodity and the tests required.
6.6 Actions Undertaken on the Interception/Detection of Organisms/Contaminants
If regulated pests are intercepted/detected on the commodity, or associated packaging, the following actions will be undertaken as appropriate:
6.6.1 Quarantine: Risk group 1 pests
If a risk group 1 pest is intercepted, the importer will be given the option of:
- treatment (where possible) of the consignment at the importer's risk, and appropriate post entry quarantine activities,
- reshipment of the consignment,
- destruction of the consignment.
Biosecurity clearance will not be given until the New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry is satisfied the consignment is free of those pests.
6.6.2 Quarantine: Risk group 2 pests
If a risk group 2 pest is intercepted, the importer will be given the option of:
- treatment (where possible) of the consignment at the discretion of the Director, Forest Biosecurity, and immediate feedback to the Country plant protection organisation with a request for corrective action,
- reshipment of the consignment,
- destruction of the consignment.
Biosecurity clearance will not be given until the New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry is satisfied the consignment is free of those pests.
6.6.3 Quarantine: Risk group 3 pests
Actions for the interception of risk group 3 pests will include:
- reshipment of the consignment OR destruction of the consignment,
- the suspension of trade, until the cause of the non-compliance is investigated, identified and rectified. The appropriate actions may be audited by the New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry. Once the requirements of the New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry have been met to the satisfaction of the Director, Forest Biosecurity, and supporting evidence is provided and verified by the Country national plant protection organisation, the trade suspension will be lifted.
6.6.4 Regulated non-quarantine pests
Actions for the interception/detection of regulated non-quarantine pests will be in accordance with the contingencies implemented for that pest if detected in New Zealand.
6.6.5 Regulated non-plant pests/unwanted organisms
Actions for the interception/detection of regulated non-plant pests/unwanted organisms will be in accordance with the actions required by the relevant government department.
6.6.6 Non-regulated non-quarantine pests
No action is undertaken on the interception of non-regulated non-quarantine pests.
6.6.7 Non-regulated non plant pests/organisms
No action is undertaken on the interception of non-regulated non-plant pests/organisms.
6.6.8 Contaminants
Lots comprising more than 0.05% weight of extraneous material (e.g. leaves, twigs, soil) shall be treated, reshipped or destroyed.
6.7 Biosecurity Clearance
If regulated pests are not detected, or are successfully treated following interception/detection biosecurity clearance will be given.
6.8 Feedback On Non-Compliance
The exporting country's national plant protection organisation will be informed by the New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry's Director of Forest Biosecurity of the interception (and treatment) of any regulated pests, "unlisted" organisms, or non-compliance with other phytosanitary requirements.
7 Contingencies Following Biosecurity Clearance
Should a regulated pest be detected subsequent to biosecurity clearance, the New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry may implement a management programme (official control programme) in accordance with Part V of the Biosecurity Act 1993 and Part 5 of the Biosecurity Amendment Act 1997.
Appendix 1 - Pest List Commodity Sub-class: Seeds for Sowing Pinus spp.
Regulated Pests (actionable)
Quarantine: Risk group 3 pests
Fungus Mitosporic Fungi (Hyphomycetes)
Tuberculariales
Tuberculariaceae
Fusarium circinatum (syn. Fusarium subglutinans f. sp. pini)-pine pitch canker
Quarantine: Risk group 2 pests
Insect
Insecta
Coleoptera
Scolytidae
Conophthorus coniperda-white pine cone beetle
Lepidoptera
Pyralidae
Dioryctria abietivorella-fir coneworm, pine knothorn moth
Fungus
Ascomycota
Dothideales
Mycosphaerellaceae
Mycosphaerella dearnessii-(anamorph Lecanosticta acicola) brown needle spot
Mitosporic Fungi (Coelomycetes)
Unknown Coelomycetes
Unknown Coelomycetes
Sirococcus conigenus shoot blight
Quarantine: Risk group 1 pests
Insect
Insecta
Insecta
Coleoptera
Anobiidae
Ernobius punctulatus-borer
Cerambycidae
Xylotrechus-schaefferi longhorn beetle
Curculionidae
Conotrachelus neomexicanus-Cone borer, curculio
Scolytidae
Conophthorus ponderosae-lodgepole cone beetle
Conophthorus resinosae-red pine cone beetle
Diptera
Cecidomyiidae
Cecidomyia bisetosa-gall midge
Resseliella silvana-gall midge
Heteroptera
Coreidae
Lepispilus sulcicollis-Seed eater
Leptoglossus corculus-leaffooted pine seed bug
Leptoglossus occidentalis-coreid bug
Scutelleridae
Tetyra bipuctata-Shield backed pine seed bug
Hymenoptera
Torymidae
Megastigmus albifrons-seed chalcid
Lepidoptera
Pyralidae
Dioryctria amatella-Southern pine coneworm
Dioryctria auranticella-pyralid moth
Dioryctria clarioralis-Coneworm
Dioryctria disclusa-Webbing coneworm
Dioryctria merkeli-Loblolly pine coneworm
Dioryctria rossi-Cone borer, pyralid moth
Tortricidae
Commophila fuscodorsana-tortricid moth
Cydia anaranjada-Slash pine seedworm
Cydia ingens-Logleaf pine seed worm
Cydia miscitata-Cone borer, tortricid mot
Cydia piperana-Cone borer, ponderosa pine seed moth
Cydia toreuta-Cone borer, eastern pine seedworm
Fungus
Ascomycota
Diaporthales
Melanconidaceae
Melanconis stilbostoma (anamorph Melanconium bicolor)-mould
Dothideale
Dothioraceae
Sydowia polyspora (anamorph Sclerophoma pythiophila)-pine leaf blight, tip dieback
Pleosporaceae
Setosphaeria rostrata (anamorph Exserohilum rostratum)-leaf blight, black mould
Hypocreales
Hypocreaceae
Nectria inventa (anamorph Verticillium tenerum)-verticillium rot
Pezizale
Otideaceae
Caloscypha fulgens (anamorph Geniculodendron pyriforme)-Cold fungus
Pyronemataceae
Pyronema omphalodes-mould
Mitosporic fungi
Coniosporium aterrimum-mould
Lacellina graminicola-mould
Mitosporic Fungi (Coelomycetes)
Sphaeropsidales
Sphaerioidaceae
Botryodiplodia acicola-mould
Coniothyrium quercinum-mould
Unknown Coelomycetes
Melanconium apiocarpon-mould
Pestalotia breviseta-mould
Pestalotia foedans-mould
Pestalotiopsis glandicola-mould
Mitosporic Fungi (Hyphomycetes)
Hyphomycetales
Hyphomycetales
Cladosporium cucumerinum-black mould
Cladosporium naumovi-black mould
Curvularia inaequalis-black mould
Stemphylium piriforme-leaf mould
Moniliaceae
Acremonium subverticillatum-mould
Aspergillus funiculosus-mould
Penicillium arenarium-penicillium mould rot
Penicillium aurantiogriseum-penicillium mould rot
Penicillium brevicompactum-penicillium mould rot
Penicillium canadense-penicillium mould rot
Penicillium chrysogenum-penicillium mould rot
Penicillium divergens-penicillium mould rot
Penicillium fuscum-penicillium mould rot
Penicillium gladioili-penicillium mould rot
Penicillium oxalicum-penicillium mould ro
Penicillium viridicatum-penicillium mould rot
Torula convoluta-mould
Verticillium albo-atrum [severe strain]-mould
Tuberculariales
Tuberculariaceae
Fusarium arthrosporoides-dry rot
Fusarium chlamydosporum-root and stem rot
Fusarium moniliforme var. intermedium-mould
Fusarium polyphialidicum-fusarium mould
Unknown Hyphomycetes
Oidium verticilloides-mould
Oomycota
Pythiales
Pythiaceae
Pythium aphanidermatum-root and seed rot
Zygomycota: Zygomycetes
Mucorales
Mucoraceae
Mucor hiemalis-mucor fruit rot
Mucor mucedo-mucor fruit rot
Mucor plumbeus-mould
Mucor racemosus-storage rot
Mucor ramanianus-mould
Syncephalastraceae
Syncephalastrum racemosum-mould
Regulated non-quarantine pests
None
Regulated non plant pests/unwanted organisms
None
Non-Regulated Pests (non-actionable)
Non-regulated non-quarantine pests
Fungus
Ascomycota
Dothideales
Mycosphaerellaceae
Mycosphaerella pini (anamorph Dothistroma septospora)-needle spot
Mycosphaerella tassiana (anamorph Cladosporium herbarum)-black mould
Pleosporaceae
Cochliobolus bicolor (anamorph Botrytis cinerea)-mould
Cochliobolus heterostrophus (anamorph Bipolaris maydis)-leaf and petal spot
Cochliobolus lunatus (anamorph Curvularia lunata)-leaf spot
Cochliobolus sativus (anamorph Bipolaris sorokiniana)-black seed mould
Eurotiales
Trichocomaceae
Neosartorya fumigata (anamorph Aspergillus fumigatus)-aspergillus rot
Hypocreales
Hypocreaceae
Gibberella avenacea (anamorph Fusarium avenaceum)-fusarium stem canker
Gibberella baccata (anamorph Fusarium lateritium)-fusarium rot
Gibberella fujikuroi (anamorph Fusarium fujikuroi)-fusarium rot
Gibberella gordonia (anamorph Fusarium heterosporum)-mould
Gibberella intricans (anamorph Fusarium equiseti)-root and stem dry rot
Gibberella pulicaris (anamorph Fusarium sambucinum)-fusarium rot
Gibberella subglutinans (anamorph Fusarium subglutinans)-fusarium rot
Nectria haematococca (anamorph Fusarium solani)-fusarium rot, root & seed rot
Nectria ochroleuca (anamorph Gliocladium roseum)-pink mould
Nectria radicicola (anamorph Cylindrocarpon destructans)-root rot
Leotiales
Sclerotiniaceae
Botryotinia fuckeliana (anamorph Botrytis cinerea)-grey mould
Monilinia fructicola-American brown rot
Phyllachorales
Phyllachoraceae
Glomerella cingulata (anamorph Colletotrichum gloeosporioides)-bitter rot
Rhytismatales
Rhytismataceae
Lophodermium pinastri-needle cast
Sordariales
Chaetomiaceae
Chaetomium globosum-mould
Mitosporic Fungi (Coelomycetes)
Sphaeropsidales
Sphaerioidaceae
Lasiodiplodia theobromae-botryodiplodia rot
Macrophomina phaseolina-ashy stem blight
Sphaeropsis sapinea-young pine dieback
Unknown Coelomycetes
Unknown Coelomycetes
Colletotrichum acutatum f. sp. pineum-terminal crook disease
Pestalotia funerea
Pestalotiopsis maculans-leaf blight
Mitosporic Fungi (Hyphomycetes)
Hyphomycetales
Dematiaceae
Alternaria alternata-black stalk rot
Alternaria brassicae
Alternaria radicina
Cladosporium cladosporioides
Cladosporium sphaerospermum
Epicoccum nigrum
Ulocladium atrum
Ulocladium consortiale
Moniliaceae
Acremonium strictum
Aspergillus candidus
Aspergillus flavus
Aspergillus niger
Aspergillus oryzae
Botrytis aclada
Penicillium citrinum
Penicillium claviforme
Penicillium expansum
Penicillium glabrum
Penicillium roqueforti
Penicillium thomii
Trichoderma harzianum
Trichoderma viride
Verticillium albo-atrum
Tuberculariales
Tuberculariaceae
Fusarium culmorum
Fusarium oxysporum
Fusarium pallidoroseum
Fusarium roseum
Fusarium sacchari var. subglutinans
Myrothecium roridum
Unknown Hyphomycetes
Aureobasidium pullulans
Harzia acremonioides
Trichothecium roseum
Zygomycota: Zygomycetes
Mucorales
Mucoraceae
Rhizopus arrhizus
Rhizopus stolonifer
Bacterium
Pseudomonadaceae
Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae-bacterial soft rot
Non-regulated non plant pests/organisms
None
Appendix 2
Schedule of Prohibited Plant Species
| Acaena affinis | Acaena agnipila | Acaena anserinifolia |
| Acaena aridula | Acaena buchananii | Acaena caesiiglauca |
| Acaena dumicola | Acaena echinata | Acaena emittens |
| Acaena fissistipula | Acaena glabra | Acaena inermis |
| Acaena juvenca | Acaena magellanica | Acaena microphylla |
| Acaena minor | Acaena novae-zelandiae | Acaena ovalifolia |
| Acaena pallida | Acaena pinnatifida | Acaena profundeincisa |
| Acaena rorida | Acaena saccaticupula | Acaena sericea |
| Acaena subantarctica | Acaena tesca | Achnatherum calamagrostis |
| Achnatherum caudatum | Achnatherum petriei | Acmena smithii |
| Acroptilon repens | Actinidia henanensis | Actinidia rubricaulis |
| Aethusa cynapium | Ageratina adenophora | Ageratina altissima |
| Ageratina riparia | Agrimonia procera | Ailanthus altissima |
| Allium triquetrum | Alocasia brisbanensis | Alternanthera philoxeroides |
| Ambrosia artemisiifolia | Ambrosia deltoidea | Ambrosia tenuifolia |
| Ammophila arenaria | Andropogon virginicus | Anemia californica |
| Anemia intermedia | Anredera cordifolia | Araujia sericifera |
| Arceuthobium | Arctium lappa | Arctium minus |
| Argemone munita | Aristea ecklonii | Aristida pallens |
| Aristida ramosa | Aristida vagans | Arum italicum |
| Arundo donax | Asclepias tuberosa | Aspalathus linearis |
| Aspalathus nivea | Asparagus asparagoides | Asparagus densiflorus |
| Asparagus scandens | Austrostipa bigeniculata | Austrostipa blackii |
| Austrostipa flavescens | Austrostipa nitida | Austrostipa nodosa |
| Austrostipa rudis | Austrostipa scabra | Austrostipa stipoides |
| Austrostipa stuposa | Austrostipa verticillata | Azolla filiculoides |
| Azolla pinnata | Baccharis halimifolia | Bartlettina sordida |
| Berberis darwinii | Berberis glaucocarpa | Bromus diandrus |
| Bromus tectorum | Buddleja davidii | Caesalpinia decapetala |
| Calicotome spinosa | Callilepis laureola | Calluna vulgaris |
| Calotis lappulacea | Cannabis sativa | Cardaria chalepensis |
| Cardaria pubescens | Cardiospermum grandiflorum | Cardiospermum halicacabum |
| Carduus acanthoides | Carduus nutans | Carex aurea |
| Carex baldensis | Carex longebrachiata | Carex pseudocyperus |
| Carthamus lanatus | Castanospermum australe | Celastrus orbiculatus |
| Cenchrus caliculatus | Centaurea repens | Cephalaria syriaca |
| Ceratophyllum demersum | Cestrum aurantiacum | Cestrum elegans |
| Cestrum parqui | Chamaecrista rotundifolia | Chondrilla juncea |
| Chrysanthemoides monilifera | Cirsium acaule | Cirsium arvense |
| Cirsium badakhschianicum | Cirsium brevistylum | Cirsium crinitum |
| Cirsium esculentum | Cirsium kamtschaticum | Cirsium palustre |
| Cirsium scariosum | Cirsium scopulorum | Cirsium vulgare |
| Clematis flammula | Clematis tangutica | Clematis vitalba |
| Cnicus benedictus | Cobaea scandens | Conium maculatum |
| Convolvulus arvensis | Cortaderia jubata | Cortaderia selloana |
| Cotoneaster franchetii | Cotoneaster glaucophyllus | Cotoneaster simonsii |
| Crataegus monogyna | Crocosmia xcrocosmiiflora | Cryptostegia madagascariensis |
| Cuscuta europaea | Cuscuta planiflora | Cuscuta suaveolens |
| Cymbopogon schoenanthus | Cynanchum africanum | Cynanchum auriculatum |
| Cynanchum floribundum | Cynanchum marnieranum | Cynanchum nigrum |
| Cynanchum nodosum | Cynanchum perrieri | Cyperus glaber |
| Cyperus rotundus | Cytisus multiflorus | Cytisus scoparius |
| Datura metel | Dendrophthora | Dipogon lignosus |
| Echinacea angustifolia | Echinops ruthenicus | Echium vulgare |
| Eclipta alba | Eclipta prostrata | Egeria densa |
| Ehrharta erecta | Ehrharta villosa | Eichhornia crassipes |
| Elaeagnus xreflexa | Eleocharis dulcis | Emex spinosa |
| Ephedra sinica | Equisetum arvense | Equisetum fluviatile |
| Equisetum hyemale | Eragrostis curvula | Eragrostis trichodes |
| Erica lusitanica | Erigeron karvinskianus | Eriobotrya japonica |
| Euonymus europaeus | Euonymus japonicus | Euonymus monbeigii |
| Euphorbia esula | Fatsia japonica | Ficus rubiginosa |
| Galega officinalis | Galeobdolon luteum | Ginalloa spp. |
| Glyceria fluitans | Gymnema balsamica | Gymnema dentata |
| Gymnema viscida | Gymnocoronis spilanthoides | Hakea gibbosa |
| Hakea lissocarpha | Hakea salicifolia | Hakea sericea |
| Hedera helix | Hedychium flavescens | Hedychium gardnerianum |
| Heteropogon contortus | Hieracium alpinum | Hieracium argillaceum |
| Hieracium aurantiacum | Hieracium bombycinum | Hieracium caespitosum |
| Hieracium lachenalii | Hieracium lanatum | Hieracium lepidulum |
| Hieracium maculatum | Hieracium murorum | Hieracium pilosella |
| Hieracium pollichiae | Hieracium praealtum | Hieracium sabaudum |
| Hieracium villosum | Hieracium waldsteinii | Hieracium xstoloniflorum |
| Hippobroma longiflora | Hippuris vulgaris | Homeria collina |
| Homeria comptonii | Houttuynia cordata | Hydrilla verticillata |
| Hydrocleys nymphoides | Hypericum androsaemum | Hypericum perforatum |
| Ilex aquifolium | Impatiens glandulifera | Impatiens oncidioides |
| Impatiens sodenii | Imperata cylindrica | Ipomoea caerulea |
| Ipomoea hederacea | Ipomoea indica | Iris foetidissima |
| Iris pseudacorus | Iva axillaris | Ixia aquatica |
| Jasminum humile | Jasminum polyanthum | Juglans ailantifolia |
| Juncus acutus | Juncus articulatus | Juncus bulbosus |
| Juncus effusus | Juncus squarrosus | Korthalsella clavata |
| Korthalsella lindsayi | Korthalsella salicornioides | Kyllinga monocephala |
| Lagarosiphon major | Lantana camara | Lemna minor |
| Leycesteria formosa | Ligustrum lucidum | Ligustrum sinense |
| Lonicera japonica | Ludwigia peploides | Lycium barbarum |
| Lycium chilense | Lycium ferocissimum | Lycium tenuispinosum |
| Macfadyena unguis-cati | Marsilea mutica | Melianthus major |
| Menyanthes trifoliata | Mimulus guttatus | Monarda punctata |
| Myrica californica | Myrica faya | Myrica nana |
| Myriophyllum aquaticum | Myriophyllum spicatum | Najas spp. |
| Nassella trichotoma | Nephrolepis cordifolia | Notothixos |
| Nuphar lutea | Nuytsia floribunda | Nymphoides aquatica |
| Nymphoides geminata | Nymphoides peltata | Onopordum acanthium |
| Onopordum acaulon | Onopordum tauricum | Oplopanax horridum |
| Orobanche spp. (except O. minor) | Ornithoglossum viride | Osmunda regalis |
| Oxylobium lanceolatum | Pandorea pandorana | Paraserianthes lophantha |
| Parthenium hysterophorus | Paspalum distichum | Passiflora ampullacea |
| Passiflora caerulea | Passiflora mixta | Passiflora mollissima |
| Pennisetum alopecuroides | Pennisetum clandestinum | Pennisetum macrourum |
| Pennisetum orientale | Pennisetum polystachion | Pennisetum setaceum |
| Pennisetum villosum | Peraxilla colensoi | Peraxilla flavida |
| Peraxilla tetrapetala | Petasites hybridus | Phoradendron |
| Phragmites australis | Phrynium dubium | Phrynium limosum |
| Phrynium reniforme | Phytolacca octandra | Pinus contorta |
| Pinus pinaster | Pistia stratiotes | Plectranthus ciliatus |
| Plectranthus ecklonii | Plectranthus grandis | Polygala myrtifolia |
| Polygonum bistorta | Potamogeton cheesemanii | Potamogeton crispus |
| Potamogeton ochreatus | Potamogeton pectinatus | Potamogeton perfoliatus |
| Potamogeton suboblongus | Proboscidea altheaefolia | Psoralea pinnata |
| Ptilostemon afer | Pyracantha angustifolia | Racosperma longifolium |
| Racosperma paradoxum | Ranunculus acris | Reynoutria sachalinensis |
| Rhamnus alaternus | Rhamnus purshiana | Rhodomyrtus tomentosa |
| Rosa rubiginosa | Rubus fruticosus | Rumex sagittatus |
| Sagittaria graminea | Sagittaria latifolia | Sagittaria montevidensis |
| Sagittaria sagittifolia | Sagittaria subulata | Salix cinerea |
| Salix fragilis | Salvia reflexa | Salvinia molesta |
| Sambucus nigra | Sedum acre | Selaginella kraussiana |
| Senecio angulatus | Senecio jacobaea | Senecio mikanioides |
| Senecio petasitis | Senna occidentalis | Senna septemtrionalis |
| Setaria palmifolia | Silybum marianum | Solanum carolinense |
| Solanum elaeagnifolium | Solanum jasminoides | Solanum linnaeanum |
| Solanum marginatum | Solanum mauritianum | Solanum pseudocapsicum |
| Sorghum halepense | Sorghum x almum | Spartina alterniflora |
| Spartina anglica | Spartina xtownsendii | Spirodela polyrrhiza |
| Spirodela punctata | Stipa arundinacea | Stipa calamagrostis |
| Stipa elegantissima | Stipa gigantea | Stipa hohenackerana |
| Stipa pennata | Stipa pubescens | Stipa semibarbata |
| Stipa tenacissima | Stipa tenuifolia | Stipa tenuissima |
| Stipa variabilis | Stipa viridula | Stratiotes aloides |
| Striga spp. | Strychnos nux-vomica | Syzygium australe |
| Tagetes minuta | Teline monspessulana | Thamnochortus insignis |
| Thunbergia grandiflora | Tourrettia spp. | Tradescantia fluminensis |
| Trapa bicornis | Trapa natans | Tribulus terrestris |
| Trilepidea adamsii | Tropaeolum speciosum | Tupeia antarctica |
| Tussilago farfara | Ulex europaeus | Ulex minor |
| Urtica dioica | Utricularia biflora | Utricularia gibba |
| Vallisneria spiralis | Veratrum album | Verbascum thapsus |
| Verbascum virgatum | Vinca major | Viscaceae (all genera and species) |
| Viscum album | Watsonia bulbillifera | Wolffia australiana |
| Xanthium spinosum | Xanthium strumarium | Zigadenus venenosus |
| Zizania latifolia | Zizania aquatica (syn. Zizania palustris) |
Note: Interception of other seeds above the Maximum Pest Limit of 0.9 per kg (i.e. acceptance number is 0 (zero) seeds of prohibited plant species in the entire consignment or an officially drawn 8-kg sample, whichever is the lesser) will result in the consignment being held until an assessment has been made in comparison with the risk of importing the plant species concerned. Seeds of plant species considered new organisms under the Hazardous Substances and New Organisms Act (1996) shall require approval from Environmental Risk Management Authority before entering New Zealand.
Appendix 3
New Zealand Ministry Of Agriculture And Forestry Approved Pest Free Areas for Fusarium circinatum (syn. Fusarium subglutinans f. sp. pini)
An up-to-date list of Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry approved pest free areas for Fusarium circinatum (syn. Fusarium subglutinans f. sp. pini) is provided on the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry web site at the following web site address:
http://www.biosecurity.govt.nz/pests/pine-pitch-canker
No other countries/states/provinces are New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry approved pest free areas for Fusarium circinatum (syn. Fusarium subglutinans f. sp. pini).