Codes of Welfare
The Animal Welfare Act provides for the issue of codes of welfare that:
- promote appropriate behaviour,
- establish minimum standards
- promote best practice for people owning or looking after animals.
The codes outline the basic level of animal management and care required, but are flexible enough to be modified and improved as community expectations, scientific knowledge and technical advances allow.
See Guide to the Animal Welfare Act of 1999
They must be reviewed at least every 10 years.
Recommended best practices in the codes are not legally binding. But minimum standards are – failing to meet a minimum standard can support a prosecution under the Animal Welfare Act 1999.
Similarly, evidence of meeting or exceeding minimum standards can be used as a defence against prosecution.
Creating codes of welfare
Anyone can draft a code of welfare
(427 KB). It must then be submitted to NAWAC for consideration and public consultation.
Consultation on Codes of Welfare:
Status of other Codes of Welfare:
- Commercial slaughter: recommended to Minister
- Dairy cattle: NAWAC finalising code
- Dogs: submissions being summarised
- Sheep and beef cattle: submissions being summarised
Codes of Welfare Currently Under Development:
- Transport in New Zealand
- Temporary housing (including boarding establishments)
Codes of Welfare Under Review:
- Broiler Chickens
NAWAC considers public submissions then decides whether to recommend the code to the Minister of Agriculture, to be issued. An accompanying report contains the reasons for the recommendations. These reports are available with the codes below.
- Broiler Chickens: Fully Housed
- Circuses
- Companion Cats
- Deer
- Layer Hens
- Painful Husbandry
- Pigs
- Rodeos
- Zoos
For more information on the process NAWAC uses to develop codes, see its guidelines.
Page last updated: 16 October 2009

